Introduction: Rethinking methods in translation history

Rethinking Prosecution History Estoppel

Under the rule of prosecution history estoppel, patent applicants who amend their claims during the course of patent prosecution assume a significant risk: the risk that a court will later construe the changes as concessions that should be read to limit patent scope. This risk is exacerbated by strong evidentiary presumptions under which courts are to assume, unless the patentee presents suffic...

reflections on taught courses of the iranian ma program in english translation: a mixed-methods study

the issue of curriculum and syllabus evaluation and revision has been in center of attention right from when curriculum came into attention of educational institutions. thus everywhere in the world in educational institutions curricula and syllabi are evaluated and revised based on the goals, the needs, existing content, etc.. in iran any curriculum is designed in a committee of specialists and...

Rethinking the social history.

R has established that social environments affect human health.1 Acknowledged social determinants of health — including racial or ethnic background, occupation, and the use of alcohol and tobacco2 — also influence the effectiveness of health care delivery.3 But other social factors, such as the ability to afford medications, access to transportation, available time, and competing priorities, ma...

Appraisal Theory in Translation Studies: An Introduction and Review of Studies of Evaluation in Translation

Translation studies (TS), as a young (inter)discipline, has partly relied on metadiscussions, critical assessments of its literature, and compilation of bibliographies to deal with certain problems of its youth, such as polarity and fragmentation. While the current status of TS shows general maturity, there are still young areas of inquiry in the discipline that are faced with similar issues. T...

Introduction: Rethinking Science and Religion